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The “Inca Utopia” in the Novel “Letters from a Peruvian Woman” by F. De Graffigny
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The “Inca Utopia” in the Novel “Letters from a Peruvian Woman” by F. De Graffigny
Annotation
PII
S241377150016295-7-
DOI
10.31857/S241377150016295-7
Publication type
Article
Status
Published
Authors
Artem D. Morozov 
Affiliation: A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Address: 25a Povarskaya str., Moscow, 121069, Russia
Edition
Volume 80 Issue 4
Pages
54-59
Abstract

The article considers the French novel “Letters from a Peruvian Woman&8j1; (Lettres d’une Péruvienne, 1747) by Françoise de Graffigny, as well as the “Historical introduction…&8j1; (Introduction historique aux lettres péruviennes), which was included into the novel in 1752, and where the Inca Empire is described in an idealized way. The main source of information for F. de Graffigny was “The Royal commentaries of the Incas&8j1; by Garcilaso de la Vega (1609) and other philosophical, critical and fictional publications on American natives: Michel de Montaigne’s essays, the tragedy “Alzira, or the Americans&8j1; by Voltaire, etc. The “Historical introduction...&8j1; praises the wealth and wisdom of the Incas, the merits of their state organization. This article claims that the “Historical introduction…&8j1; plays an important ideological and compositional role in F. de Graffigny’s book: a utopian description of the Inca Empire serves as a specific philosophical frame for the novel with a love story. Ideas concerning the empire of the ancient Incas, as reflected in the fictional “Letters from a Peruvian Woman&8j1;, are congenial with the Age of Enlightenment. 

Keywords
Graffigny F. de, Inca Empire, utopia, Peruvians, savages, civilization, Eurocentrism, epistolary novel, 18th century French literature
Received
22.09.2021
Date of publication
22.09.2021
Number of purchasers
15
Views
1433
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S241377150016295-7-1 Дата внесения правок в статью - 22.09.2021
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References

1. Graffigny, F. de. Pis’ma peruanki. Perevod i predislovie O. Sergievo-Posadskoi [Letters from a Peruvian Woman. Translated with an Introduction by O. Sergiyevo-Posadskaya]. Washington, 2004. 246 p. (In Russ.)

2. Rosset, F. Les nœuds dul langage dans les Lettres d’une Péruvienne. Revue d’Histoire littéraire de la France. Nov.‒Dec., 1996, pp. 1106‒1127. (In French)

3. [Montesquieu, Ch.-L.]. Pensées et fragments inédits de Montesquieu publiés par le Baron Gaston de Montesquieu. T.I. Bordeaux, G. Gounouilhou, imprimeur-éditeur, 1899. 541 p. (In French)

4. [Goldoni, C.]. L’Autore a chi legge ‒ La peruviana. Commedia IX. Nuovo teatro comico dell’avvocato Carlo Goldoni [...] T. 3. Venezia, Appresso Francesco Pitteri, 1757, pp. 27‒29. (In Italian)

5. Reid, M. Romans en cartes postale. Littérature. № 134. George Sand, «Le génie narratif». Join, 2004, pp. 147‒154. (In Engl.)

6. [Graffigny, F. de]. Correspondance de Madame de Graffigny: 20 juin 1751‒18 août 1752. Lettres 1723‒1906. T. 12. Oxford: Voltaire Foundation, 1985. 556 p. (In French)

7. [La Porte, J. de]. Lettres d’une Péruvienne. Observations sur la littérature moderne. T. I. La Haye, 1749, pp. 33−54. (In French)

8. Clément, [P.] Lettre II. Les Cinq années littéraires, ou Nouvelles littéraires, etc., des années 1748, 1749, 1750, 1751 et 1752. V. 1. La Haye, chés Ant. de Groot et Fils, 1754, pp. 10−15. (In French)

9. Pis’ma Anakharsisa [Letters of Anacharsis]. Antologiia kinizma: Antisfen, Diogen, Kratet, Cercidas, Dion. Fragmenty sochinenii kinicheskikh myslitelei [Anthology of Cynicism: Antisthenes, Diogenes, Cratet, Kerkides, Dion. Fragments of the Texts of Cynical Thinkers]. Моscow, Nauka Publ., 1984, pp. 211‒265. (In Russ.)

10. Okuneva, O.V. Varvar i/ili dobryi dikar: predstavleniia o brazilskikh indeitsakh vo Frantsii XVI v. [Barbarian and / or Noble Savage: Views on the Brazilian Indians in France (16th Century)]. Tsivilizatsiia i varvarstvo: transformatsiia poniatii i regional’nyi opyt [Civilization and Barbarity: Transformation of Concept and Regional Experience]. Moscow, Institute of World History, 2012, pp. 129–149. (In Russ.)

11. Montaigne, M. O kannibalah [Of Cannibals]. Opyty [Essays], book 1. Moscow, Popurri Publ., 2004, pp. 218‒232. (In Russ.)

12. Razumovskaia, M.V. Peruanka v romane madam de Graffin’i [A Peruvian Woman in Mme de Graffigny’s Novel]. Latinskaia Amerika [Latin America], 1976, No. 6, pp. 99–108. (In Russ).

13. Législateur. Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers. T. IX. Neufchastel, Chez Samuel Faulche & Compagnie, Libraires & Imprimeurs, 1765, pp. 357‒363. (In French.)

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16. Showalter, E. Françoise de Graffigny: Sa vie et ses œuvres. Oxford, Voltaire Foundation, 2004, 571 p. (In French).

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